Nun im Themenbereich OC_en
Topic Organic ChemistryAll problems and solutions as
pdf here.Learning objectives resp. question areas:
- Ab oc-01 : Functional groups
- Ab oc-10 : Nomenclature
- Ab oc-20 : Chirality
- from oc-30 : oxidation
- Ab oc-35 : Reduction
- Ab oc-40 : Condensation reaction
- from oc-50 : elemental analysis
- This forum has 18 topics, 18 replies, and was last updated 4 days, 22 hours ago by .
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- Draw different functional groups (oc-01)Draw for each exercise each three different molecules, which consist only of one hydrocarbon skeleton (alkane skeleton, i.e. single bonds) and the following functional group:
- Not branched alkanes
- Branched alkanes
- Cyclic alkanes
- Alkenes
- Alkyne
- Alcohol
- aldehyde
- ketone
- Amina
- carboxylic acid
- amino acid
- ester
- amide
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- Draw different functional groups, 2 (oc-02)Draw the structural formula for each exercise. In addition to the functional group, no other functional groups may be drawn; only carbon-hydrogen links are permitted.
- A linear, not of branches alcohol with [translation unavailable] 3 carbon atoms
- A branched alcohol with exactly 5 carbon atoms
- All alcohol (branched, not branched) with [translation unavailable] 4 carbon atoms
- Three different ethers with a total of 4 carbon atoms each
- The smallest possible (as little C as possible) ketone
- The smallest possible (as little C as possible) aldehyde
- The smallest possible (as little C as possible) amine
- The smallest possible (as little C as possible) ester
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- Draw different functional groups, 3 (oc-03)Draw any molecule that contains all functional groups at the same time. The basic structure should always be an alkali array.
- Alkene, alcohol and carboxylic acid
- Alkenes, aldehydes, ketones and amides
- Carboxylic acid, alcohol and ketone
- Amine, amide, carboxylic acid and [translation unavailable]
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- Draw different types of alcohol (oc-04)Draw three different alcohols:
- primary alcohol
- secondary alcohol
- tertiary alcohol
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- Draw different types of alcohol, 2 (oc-05)Each molecule to be drawn must have four carbon atoms.
…. primary alcohol, secondary alcohol and tertiary alcohol. - 1
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- Nomenclature, drawing of molecules 1 (oc-10)The following 6 molecules are given. One of them is clearly different from all the others. What and why?{a) } \<|>/<`|>\/\/\{b) } /<`|>\<|>/\/\|{c) } \/\/\<|<`/>\>/{d) } /<`|>\<|>/\/\/{e) } \/\|`/<`\>|<`/>\{f) } \|`/|<`/>\/<`|>\
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- Nomenclature, molecules draw, 2 (oc-11)The following names of various molecules are given. Draw the corresponding molecule (spelling).
- hexane
- 2-methyl octane
- 3,4-[translation unavailable]-Ethyl-2,2,5-tri-methyl decane
- Ethanol (also Ethan-1 -ol)
- Propan-1,2,3-[translation unavailable]
- Butan-1-other
- Butan-2-[translation unavailable]
- [translation unavailable]
- 4-[translation unavailable]-Pentan-1-[translation unavailable]
- 2-[translation unavailable]-Pentan-2-[translation unavailable]
- 3-[translation unavailable]-Heptan-1-[translation unavailable]
- 3-hydroxy butaneal
- 2,3-[translation unavailable]-Butan-2,3-diol
- 2,3-dimethyl pentane
- 1 Ethyl-1-methyl cyclobutan
- 3-Ethyl-2,2,4-[translation unavailable]-hexane
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- Nomenclature, determining molecular names (oc-12)The following structures of different molecules are given, apply the nomenclature rules as accurately as possible and give the systematic name.{a) } -_(P3)_(P3)<`/>`\{b) } /<`|><_(A75)>\/{c) } \/<`|>\/\<_p3><\>/{d) } @:n(n,a,L:.4)<_(A&a,L&L,N0)$itemColor1(white)\"&n\">@; @n(9,90)/@n(8,90)\@n(7,90)/@n(6,90)\@n(5,-90)|@n(4,90)<`/|>\@n(3,-90)<|>/@n(2,90)<\>`|@n(1,-90){e) } @:n(n,a,L:.4)<_(A&a,L&L,N0)$itemColor1(white)\"&n\">@; @n(5,90)/@n(4,90)<`|O|>\@n(3,90)/@n(2,90)\@n(1,-90)|O`|{f) } \/<`|>\<|<`/>\NH2>/OH{g) } /\/<`|>\|<`/>\<|OH>/\<|>/NH2{h) } HO/<`|O|>\/<`|>\<|`/<`\H2N>|<`/>\>/\{i) } /<`|>\/\/{j) } /<`|>\<|>/<`|>\{k) } /\<|>/\/\{l) } /\<_(A150)><|OH>/\{m) } Br\<|>/\/
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- Nomenclature, Chirality (oc-20)If the molecule contains one or more chiral centres, mark them with an asterisk; if no chiral centres are to be found, indicate kC (no chiral centres).{a: } /<`|>\/\/{b: } /<`|>\<|>/<`|>\{c: } /\<|>/\/\{d: } /\<_(A150)><|OH>/\{e: } Br\<|>/\/{f: } OH`\`|O|`/|`/`\`|//\|\O|`/O/\{g: } –<_(a30,N2)O>_q3O_q3<>_(a30){h: } OH|`/|<\OH>`/<|OH>`\<`/HO>`|`\O\/O\{i: } `/O`\`/O/`|//\|\/`||`\`//{j: } ||`/`\<`/HO>`|<`\HO>//\/<_(A-90)OH>\/N<_(y-.5)H>\CH3{j: } \|`//<|>`\`/O/`|/`|`\c\/{j: } `|/:a\|_#1`/`\`/<`|>|`/`\<`/HO>`|/\|0\/`|`\0`|/\`|; #a`|<`\>/\/\<|>/
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- Nomenclature, Chirality, 2 (oc-21)Draw three molecules each with at least one chiral center, the molecules drawn must be neutral, the chiral centers each marked with a star.
(a) all elements are permitted
(b) elements C, H and Br must occur at least once in each molecule; other elements are not permitted. - 1
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- Oxidation road 1 (oc-30)Oxidize the following substances once. At each oxidation, give the only short-term Intermediate product. Example:
{a) } /\OH->[/<`|OH>\OH]->/\O`\ + H2O{b) } \<|>/\OH{c) } /\<|HO>/{d) } /<`|>\/<`|OH>\/{e) } OH|_(A75);/#2\ - 1
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- Oxidation road 2 (oc-31)Oxidize the following alcohols as much as possible.{a) } /\OH{b) } \<|>/\OH{c) } \/<`|>\/OH{d) } /\<|HO>/{e) } \/<`|OH>\|{f) } /<`|>\/<`|OH>\/{g) } OH|_(A75);/#2\{h) } OH|_(A75);/#2\/`|{i) } OH|_(A75);/#2\/\|
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- Oxidation road 3 (oc-32)The following alcohols are prescribed. Oxidants – where applicable possible – all alcohol one time.{a) } /\OH{b) } \<|>/\OH{c) } \/<`|>\/OH{d) } HO\/<`|OH>\/OH{e) } `|/:a\|_#1`/`\`/<`|>|`/`\<`/HO>`|/\|0\\/`|`\0`|/\`|; #a`|<`\>/\/\<|>/{f) } `/`-`\/-<\>\-OH{g) } `/`-`\/-\-OH{h) } HO\<|>/<`|NH2>\<|OH>/<`|OH>\<_(A45)><_(A-220)>/OH{i) } HO|`/|`/`\\`|<`\<_q><_(A-70)OH>`\>//\|\O/\\/<\O/\OH>`||`\`//|{j) } OH`\`|O|`/|`/`\\`|<`\`/HO>//\|\O|`/O/\
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- Retrosynthesis, reduction (oc-35)The following structures are given: how can the substances be produced from the corresponding hydrocarbon plants? write down the corresponding (stable) intermediate stages. Some of these must be reduced (or oxidized) at the right place, but these technical difficulties should not be taken into account at this point.
Note also that the notation was made with a retrosynthesis arrow.{a) } /\/`|O|\OH⇒ /\/`|O|\H⇒ /\/`|OH⇒ /\/{b) } \<|>/`|O|\H{c) } \/<`|>\|O`|/OH{d) } /<`|>\/<`|O|>\/{e) } OH|_(A75);/#2\ - 1
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- Functional groups react with each other, condensation reactions 1 (oc-40)The following molecules are given. Let them react with each other in a condensation reaction.{(a) Two equal alcoholic beverages }{a1) } /\/OH + /\/OH{a2) } \<|>/\OH + \<|>/\OH{a3) } \/<`|>\/OH + HO\/<`|>\/{a4) } /<`|>\/<`|OH>\/ + /<`|>\/<`|OH>\/{a5) } OH|_(A75);/#2\ + |_(A75);HO/#2\{a6) } 2* \<|>/<`|OH>\{(b) Two different alcohols }{b1) } /\OH + HO/{b2) } /<`|OH>\ + /\OH{b3) } \<|>/<`|OH>\ + /\OH{(c) Alcohol and a carboxylic acid }{c1) } \/\OH + HO/<`|O|>\{c2) } \<|>/<`|OH>\ + HO/<`|O|>\<|>/{c3) } /\<|O`|>/OH + \<|>/<`|OH>{(d) Two equal carboxylic acid }{d1) } /<`|O|>\OH + HO/<`|O|>\{d2) } 2* $C()|O`|/OH{d3) } 2* `/`\`|/\|\/`|O|\OH{(e) Two different carboxylic acid }{e1) } /\<|O`|>/OH + HO/`|O|{e2) } HO\|O`|/<`|>\/ + \/`|O|\OH{e3) } HO\|O`|/<`|>\ + /`|O|\OH{f) Amine and an carboxylic acid }{f1) } /NH2 + HO/`|O|\{f2) } \<|>/NH2 + /\|O`|/OH{f3) } \<|>/N<_(y-.5)H>\ + /\|O`|/OH
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- Functional groups react with each other, condensation reactions 2 (oc-41)[translation unavailable] at each exercise the following masses before:
– draw the required molecules with the functional groups
– let the two molecules drawn react with each other
– In addition to the product water, a new functional group is created. Which one?
– each partial task should at least three times dissolved are
Note: the molecules are to be neutral- Two identical alcohols react with each other
- Two Different Alcohols React to Each Other
- An alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid
- Two identical carbonic acids react with each other
- Two different carbohydrates react with each other
- An amine reacts with an carboxylic acid
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- 4 days, 22 hours ago
- Functional groups react with each other, condensation reactions 3 (oc-42)Es be following products of condensation reaction given. Draw the skeletal shapes of the corresponding reactants analogously to the first example. Note that the notation was made with a retrosynthesis arrow. Go ahead by analogy.{a1) } /\/O\/\
+ H2O⇒ /\/OH + HO\/\{a2) } \<|>/\O/\<|>/+ H2O{a3) } \/<`|>\/O\/<`|>\/+ H2O{a4) } /<`|>\/<`|O/<`|/<`|>\>\/>\/+ H2O{a5) } $C()/<_(A225)><_(A-45)>\O/<_(A225)><_(A-45)>\+ H2O{a6) } \<|>/<`|>\O/<`|>\<|>/+ H2O{b1) } /\O/+ H2O{b2) } /<`|>\O/\+ H2O{b3) } \<|>/<`|>\O/\+ H2O{c1) } \/\O/<`|O|>\+ H2O{c2) } \<|>/<`|>\O/<`|O|>\<|>/+ H2O{c3) } /\<|O`|>/O\/<`|>\+ H2O{c4) } -_qO_q<`|O|>_q_q+ H2O{d1) } /<`|O|>\O/<`|O|>\+ H2O{d2) } `|O|\O/`|O|+ H2O{d3) } `/`\`|/\|\/`|O|\O/`|O|\/`|/\|`/`\+ H2O{e1) } \/`|O|\O/`|O|+ H2O{e2) } \/`|O|\O/`|O|\<|>/\+ H2O{e3) } /`|O|\O/`|O|\<|>/+ H2O{f1) } /N<_(y-.5)H>\|O`|/+ H2O{f2) } \<|>/N<_(y-.5)H>\|O`|/\+ H2O{f3) } \<|>/N<`|>\|O`|/\+ H2O{f4) } -_qNH_q<`|O|>_q_q+ H2O - 1
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- Structure predictions, exercise 1 (oc-50)Given the following result of a elemental analysis: C 12.79%. H 2.15%, the rest is Brom
- What is the molecular formula
- Draw the molecule based on the molecular formula. What is noticed?
- What would the expected NMR of the (both!) structures look like?
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